Happiness Essay Example for Free

Happiness Essay Happiness, rather than working hard, is the key to success, according to research published today. Cheerful people are more likely to try new things and challenge themselves, which reinforces positive emotion and leads to success in work, good relationships and strong health, say psychologists. The findings suggest that happiness is not a feelgood luxury, but is essential to peoples wellbeing. What is more, happiness can also extend across an entire nation, with people in happy nations being more likely to have pro-democratic attitudes and a keenness to help others. The link between happiness and success was investigated by a team from the University of California Riverside, led by Professor Sonja Lyubomirsky. First, they analysed questionnaires that ask people about multiple aspects of their lives. For example, they show that happy people tend to earn higher incomes, said Prof Lyubomirsky. Having established the link, they wanted to discover the cause. Almost always it has been assumed that things that correlate with happiness are the causes of happiness, but it could be just the opposite that those things tend to be caused by happiness, said Professor Ed Diener from the University of Illinois, another author on the paper. Other studies revealed that having a sunny outlook on life appeared to precede good fortune. There was strong evidence that happiness leads people to be more sociable and more generous, more productive at work, to make more money, and to have stronger immune systems, said Prof Lyubomirsky. Meanwhile, experimental studies showed that an instant injection of high-spirits could generate success. Inducing a happy effect leads people to make more money in a computer simulation. The research shows that while success can put a spring in someones step, people need happiness in the first place to achieve success. According to the study, around four out of five people in modern industrialised nations are happy at any one time. Success was not just about earning lots of money. We define success as obtaining the things that culture or society values, whether it be friends, close family, money and income, or longevity, said Prof Diener. However, sorrowful people are not condemned to a life of failure. Our work suggests that sad people should try to increase the frequency of positive emotions in their lives by doing things that make them feel happy, even temporarily, said Prof Lyubomirsky, whose research is published in the Psychological Bulletin today. But there is a caveat: your happiness boosters should not be dangerous, like driving fast, or counter-productive, like eating lots of chocolate. If you can raise your spirits, the benefits can be manifold. Happy people are more likeable and more sociable. They are also better able to cope with stress and likely to be healthier and live longer. Nor is happiness just an individual pursuit. Happy nations, full of happy people, are more likely to be successful than unhappy nations. People in happy nations trust others more and want to cooperate with their neighbours, said Prof Diener. Governments could keep a smile on their citizens faces by ensuring safety and stability. Although nations cannot live peoples lives and force them to be happy, they can create conditions for example, parks, reasonable weekly work hours, a health infrastructure, and good transportation that influence peoples happiness, he added. For governments and individuals alike, it seems, happiness is more than just a hedonistic pleasure.

Nike Inc and Sweatshops Essay -- Nike vs Human Rights

Table of Content: †¢ Introduction †¢ Case study analysis †¢ Facts which impact the decision : †¢ Choices/Alternatives †¢ Stakeholder †¢ How do the alternatives impact society? †¢ How do the alternative impact business? †¢ How do the alternatives impact me, as a decision maker? †¢ How ethical or unethical would be each of my alternatives? †¢ What course of action should be taken? †¢ Conclusion †¢ Recommendations †¢ References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Introduction: This paper will give a brief introduction about the history of Nike Sweatshops which will shed the light on their public image and their manufacturing process. It will further move to the suggested alternatives, what facts impact them, their stakeholder and their impact on the economic as well as social basis. In the end, it will discuss if the given choices are legal and ethical or not. Nike’s sweatshop manufacturing practices which can be seen through media have shown people that this company goes under the good guys images, these images which are displayed in their commercials show people that their employees are treated well and their happy in their working environment. In addition, Nike is a worldwide known company and it is among the top empires just as Adidas and Puma. It has more than 900 factories which are located in an estimated 50 countries, they also have more than 660 000 workers which most of them are women. However, although they have a lot of factories around the world, their main manufacture factories are located in China, Indonesia, and Vietnam which are basically countries with the most minimum salaries rate given to the workers. Nike chooses these locations for their production of their merchandise because of the cheap ... ...orkers †¢ Employees must make their voice heard through speak up sessions to talk directly to the directors of Nike about their concerns †¢ Consumers must be aware of the changes that might occur in Nike through media and social awareness References Alternative to sweatshops. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/site/fairtradelabor/about-us-5 O'Rourke, D. (2001, Feburary 27). To fix sweatshop conditions in factories, we must listen to workers. Retrieved from http://nature.berkeley.edu/orourke/media/globe-op-ed.html Nike case study. (2012, September 09). Retrieved from http://professional-ethics-articles.blogspot.ae/2012/09/nike-case-study.html Pittman, B. (2012, September 14). Nike sweatshop history: Should action be taken?. Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/site/americanlaborcrises/labor-crises/nike-sweatshop-action

Influencial Connection of CIA in American Society

â€Å"The United States has carried on foreign intelligence activities since the days of George Washington, but only since World War II have they been coordinated on a government wide basis. â€Å"1 Even before the devastating attack at Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt was concerned about American intelligence deficiencies. President Franklin D. Roosevelt asked New York lawyer William J. Donovan to draft a plan for an intelligence service. In June of 1942, the Office of Strategic Services was established in order to collect and analyze strategic information required by the Joint Chiefs of Staff and to conduct special operations that were not assigned to other agencies. During the World War II, the Office of Strategic Service (OSS) supplied policymakers with essential facts and intelligence estimates, and the office often played an important role in directly aiding military campaigns. The OSS never received complete jurisdiction over all foreign intelligence activities. Since the early 1930†³s the FBI had been responsible for intelligence work in Latin America, and the military services protected their areas of responsibility. In October 1945, the OSS was abolished, and its functions were transferred to the State and War Departments. The need for a postwar centralized intelligence system still remained a problem. Eleven months earlier, Donovan, at the time a major general had submitted to President Roosevelt a proposal that called for the separation of the OSS from the Joint Chiefs of Staff with the new organization having direct Presidential supervision. Donovan proposed an â€Å"organization which will procure intelligence both by overt and covert methods and will at the same time provide intelligence guidance, determine national intelligence objectives, and correlate the intelligence material collected by all government agencies. â€Å"2 Under his plan, a powerful, centralized civilian agency would have coordinated all the intelligence services. Donovan†s plan drew heavy political debate. In response to this policy dispute, President Harry S. Truman established the Central Intelligence Group in January of 1946, directing it to â€Å"coordinate existing departmental intelligence, supplementing but not supplanting their services. â€Å"3 Twelve months later, the National Intelligence Authority and its operating component, the Central Intelligence Group, were disestablished. Under the provisions of the National Security Act of 1947, the National Security Agency and the Central Intelligence Agency were established. The 1947 Act charged the CIA with â€Å"coordinating the nation†s intelligence activities and correlating, evaluating and disseminating intelligence which affects national security. 4 The Act also made the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) responsible for protecting intelligence sources and methods. The Central Intelligence Agency Act was passed in 1949 permitting the Agency to use confidential fiscal and administrative procedures, and this Act is the authority for the secrecy of the Agency†s budget. In order to protect intelligence sources and methods from disclosure, the 1949 Act exempted the CIA from having to disclose its â€Å"organization, functions, names, officials, titles, salaries, or numbers of personnel employed. â€Å"5 The national interests of the United States require the Intelligence Community to maintain worldwide vigilance on the foreign threats to U. S. citizens, both civilian and military, infrastructure, and allies. In addition, they also seek to inform policy makers of opportunities to advance U. S. foreign policy objectives. 6 To accomplish its missions, the CIA engages in research, development, and deployment of technology for intelligence purposes. 7 Most American citizens are not fully aware of the full extent to which the CIA has effected American society. The general public has limited knowledge of the secret operations of the CIA, but the few campaigns that are open to the public prove that the CIA plays an essential role in American foreign relations. From 1953 to 1961 the CIA continued out foreign intelligence, counterintelligence, political action, and propaganda operations. During the Eisenhower administration, Secretary of State John Dulles used the Central Intelligence Agency, which was headed by his brother Allen Dulles, for covert interventions against governments that were too closely aligned with communism. The CIA moved beyond its original objective of intelligence gathering to active involvement in the internal affairs of foreign countries where such covert action suited the American ideals. In the 1950s the CIA successfully directed the overthrow of several foreign governments. When Mohammad Mossadegh of Iran seized British oil properties in 1953, CIA agents helped the shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlevi, depose him. Using both economic leverage and a repressive secret police, the shah soon fermented his power in Iran. In 1954 the CIA supported a coup in Guatemala against Jacobo Arbenz Guzman, who had expropriated 250,000 acres of land held by the American owned United Fruit Company. He also accepted arms from the communist government of East Germany. Under Eisenhower, the Central Intelligence Agency had begun training 2,000 men for an invasion of Cuba to overthrow Fidel Castro, the communist revolutionary that had taken power in 1959. On April 19, 1961, this force invaded the Bay of Pigs, but was forced to surrender. 1,200 men were captured. The CIA also tried to overthrow Achmed Sukarno of Indonesia in 1958, but again it was unsuccessful. In late 1961, the CIA was reorganized to put more emphasis on science, technology, and internal management. The agency was heavily used during the Vietnam War, from 1959-1975, in Southeast Asia. The Central Intelligence Agency has effected American society by adding security and confidence to the minds of the American people. Though much of their effects are not specifically known, the entire organization as a whole serves as a type of secret weapon against foreign countries. Its formation and operations have made the CIA a lasting part of the U. S. government.

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